Valve mechanism for internal-combustion engines.



VALVE MECHANISM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.12, 1912.

1,115,901, Patented N0v.3, 1914.

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J. L. 000K.

VALVE MECHANISM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.12, 1912.

1, 1 1 5,901 Patented Nov. 3, 1914.

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JAMES L. 0003:, or SPRINGFIELD, ILLINOIS.

VALVE MECHANISM FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTIONENGINES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented: Nov. 3,1914.

. ApplicationfiledAugust 12,1912. Seria1No.71e4,689.

To all whom it may concern: 1

Be it known that I, JAMES L. Coon, a citi- Zen of the United States, residing at Springfield, in the county of Sangamon and State of Illinois, have invented a new and useful Valve Mechanism for lnternal combustion the following isa specifi- Engines, of which catlon. I I I a This invention relates primarily to slide valves for gasolene engines but obviously is adaptable to other engines in which explosion within the cylinder takesplace.

The purposes of the invention are: to provide in conjunction with the cylinder body of an internal combustion engine, external plane valve seats preferably situated on the cylinder body diametrically opposite to each other for reasons hereinafter stated ;to provide valves adapted to slide on the external plane valve-seats and having reservoirs adapted to contain continuously moving volumes of oil for lubricating the faces of the valves and other parts contacting therewith and effective to cool the valves; to provide means for supplying oil within the reservoir of the valves; to provide means effective to keep the valves on the valve seats at all times, and eifective to form gas tight joints between the valves and the valve seats so that the valves will not be displaced by the explosions withinthe cylinder, and also effective to compensate for wear of the valves or valve seats; to provide means to prevent the carbon resulting from the explosions in the cylinder from fouling the contacting moving surfaces of the. valve mechanism and obstructing thefiow of oil; and to provide other features of construction as will hereinafter appear.

The invention .is illustrated in the annexed drawings.

Figure 1 is a partial side elevation of an engine embodying this I invention. Fig. 2 is a left-hand end elevation of the, engine. Fig. 3 is a horizontal transverse-section on the line X. X. of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 isa vertical section on the line Y. Y. of Fig. 3. Fig.

5 is a perspective view of one valve detached. Fig. 6 is an elevation of the inner face of one valve. Fig. 7 is a perspectiveviewof one wedge-plate detached. Fig. 8 is an enlarged perspective view of one of the springs acting on the wedge-plates; Fig. 9 is a perspective view of one pair of guard-plates in contact with one valve; and Fig. 10.is,

a perspective view of a valve and appur-: 1

tenances of modified construction.

Similar reference characters designate like parts-in the different views. 1

The cylinder-bodylhas a central bore 1" accommodating the piston 2 and is cored out inthe usual manner to admit'of water circulation around the cylinder. Atthe upper end of the cylinderis a transverse way 3 extending entirely across thecylinder, At the outer ends of the way 3 enternal plane valve seats ,4 are; formed on ;'the cylinder body. The valves 5 are housed :in suitable valve "cases hereinafter described. Each valve 5 has a chamber or reservoir 5 adapted to. accommodate a continuously moving volume of oil effectiveto cool the valve, also effective to lubricate thevalve, the valve seatwith which thevalve contacts and the wedge plates or guard plates contacting with the valve. 1 1 e V I The valves have fiat inner faces 5 which contact with the valveseats i, flatsides 5 which contact with the inner vertical side walls of thervalve cases and inclined outer faces .5 with whichthe wedge-plates or the guard-plates, as the case may be, contact. The walls of the valves, are pierced by small holes 5 through which the oil from the chambers5 seeps outward and is applied on the contacting parts of the valve, the valve seats, the Wedge-plates, and the guard plates. The faces .5 contacting with the seats 4 are flat and true so: that when the valve isseated gasfwill not leak bet-ween them. is admitted to the chambers 5 through ports 5 injcommunication with source of supply, (not shown.) The valves excess. of oil passes downward along the pipes 6 conveyingthe'oil from any'suitable I outer faces of the valves into the interior of the valve casing and thence outward through the pipes 7 and thence back to the source of oil supply, Preferablythe oil supplied within the valves will be piunped from the crank case in the usual manner and covers 10. Bolts 12 connect the mem- I bers 8 and the plates 9 with the cylinder body. Bolts l3;connectthe covers 10 with the wedge-plate, as the case may be.

the inclined face of the valve or with the guard-plate interposed between the valve and Each wedge-plate also has a'longitudinal channel 16 adapted to accommodate a spring 17 fitting loosely in the channel. Small holes 16 permit'oil to circulate through the wedgeplates to lubricate both sides thereof. The inclined faces of the valves and the inclined faces of the wedge-plates are so related to each other that the wedge-plates will rigidly oppose outward displacement of the valves and the wedge plates will move with minimum resistance with their inclined faces'in contact with the inclined faces of the valves to keep the inner flat faces of the valves against the valve seats.

It is desirable to provide on the exhaust side of the engine means to prevent fouling of the surfaces of the valves and the wedgeplates and to prevent the carbon from obstructing the oil outlet pipe 7. For-this purpose guard-plates 18 (shown in detail in Fig. 9) preferably of bronze are interposed between the inclined outer faces of the valve and the inclined inner faces of the wedgeplates. The guard-plates extend the full height of the wedge-plates and the valve slides onthe guard-plates. An opening 18 one half of which is formed ineach guardplate permits oil from the overflow opening 5 to flow outward between the guard-plates.

The lower parts of theguard-plates below the opening 1S are pierced by holes 18 through which oil from the valve passes to lubricate both sides of the guard-plates.

For the purpose of convenient recital in the claims it is here stated that the wedgeplates alone acting directly on the inclined faces of the valves on the intake side of the engine constitute keepers movable transversely of the valve to take up wear and rigidly opposing outward displacement of the valve. Likewise the wedge-plates acting through the intervening guard-plates on the inclined faces of the valves on the exhaust side of the engine serve as keepers adapted to take up wear and rigidly oppose outward displacement of the valve.

' Any suitable means may be used to reciprocate the valves in such time that they will cooperate with the other elements of the mechanism to admit the explosive mixture to the combustion chamber, compress and ignite the mixture, and exhaust the gases from the combustion chamber.

When the parts occupy the position shown in Fig. 4- both valves are closed, the cylinder is at the limit of its upward stroke and the mixture is compressed in readiness for explosion. When theexplosion occurs the piston will descend and when it reaches the lower limit of its movement the left-hand valve 5 will slide downward and the gases will escape through the exhaust pipe 15 and immediately thereafter the left-hand valve will be closed and the right-hand valve will be opened to admit the mixture to the cylinder through the pipe 14, and the righthand valve will then be closed and the next explosion will occur; and-so on in regular sequence.

In practice it is found that the accumulation of carbon in the ignition chamber and on the upper end of the piston frequently causes premature explosion by reason of the carbon becoming ignited and causing the premature ignition of the mixture introduced into the cylinder. Prior to my invention' it has been exceedingly troublesome to remove this carbon from the chamber and the piston head for the reason that it has been necessary to practically dismount the engine before access could be had to the interior of the cylinder body for the purpose of removing the carbon as stated.

The construction herein set forth afiords easy access to the combustion chamber and the upper end of the piston. In order to remove the carbon it is only necessary to detach one or both of the valve cases, whereupon a scraper or other suitable instrument inserted in the way 3 from eitherend, will serve to remove the accumulation of carbon.

I have shown and described a preferred mechanism comprising tapered wedgeplates having a flat face and an inclined face, cooperating with a valve having a flat face contacting with the valve seat and two inclined faces with which the wedge-plates contact. The inclination of the inclined faces of the valve with respect to the inclined faces of the wedge-plates is such that the wedge-plates have the maximum efficiency in opposing outward displacement of the valve when the explosion occurs, and the inclined faces of the valve ofier the least possible resistance to transverse movement of the wedge-plates thereon. This construction, however, maybe varied without departure from my invention. For example, the valve may have two flat faces and a vertically disposed wedge-plate may have a flat face in contact with the fiat face of the valve and an inclined face in contact with a'correspondingly inclined wall of the valve case.

The mechanism of modified construction shown in Fig. 10 comprises a rectangular box valve 5, a guard-plate 18, a wedgeshape keeper 16, and an outside plate 9 having an inclined inner surface 9 with which the inclined. surface 16 of the keeper the use of the spring to move the keeper is not essential.

The operation of the valve and keeper of modified construction is obvious and need not be particularly described. Other modifications will readily occur to those skilled in the art and need not be detailed here.

The essence of the present invention resides in the valves adapted to contact and slide on valve seats external to the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine and automatically acting means for preventing outward displacement of the valves at the instant of explosion and for taking up the wear of the parts. The means for cooling the valve and lubricating the valve and the parts contacting therewith is likewise an importantfeature of this invention.

Having fully described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is: g

1. Valve mechanism comprising a cylinder body having a way in communication with the interior of the cylinder and a flat valve seat; a valve adapted to slide on the flat valve seat to open and close the way, and having an oil chamber; and a keeper effective to keep the face of the valve in contact with the valve seat and to rigidly oppose outward displacement of the valve; said valve being effective to apply oil from the chamber thereof on the valve seat and on the keeper.

2. Valve mechanism comprising a cylinder body having a fiat valve seat and a way extending through the valve seat and in communication with the interior of the cylinder; a valve adapted to slide on the valve seat and having a flat face contacting therewith to control communication through said way and'also having inclined faces; and wedge-plates movable laterally relative to the valve: and having inclined faces contacting with the inclined faces of the valve and rigidly opposing outward displacement of the valve.

3. A valve having an oil chamber and perforations for distributing oil 011 the faces of the valve, in combination with plates contacting with the valve and having perforations adapted to permit oil from the valve to pass through the plates.

4. The combination of a cylinder body having a cylinder, a valve-seat, and a way in communication with the interior of the cylinder; a valve-casing inclosing the valveseat of said cylinder-body; a valve having a reservoir adapted to accommodate a flowing volume of oil effective for lubrication and alsoeffective for cooling the valve and havinga port admitting oil to the valve, perforations through which oil is applied on 510 the contacting faces'of the valve and the valve-seat and an opening for the discharge of the overflow oil into the valve casing; and means for discharging the ov rflow oil from the valve-casing.

5. The combination of a cylinder body having flat valve seats; self-lubricating valves adapted to slide on the valve seats respectively; and wedge-plates contacting with the valves and having perforations both sides of the wedge-plates v c 6. :The combination of a self-lubricating slide valve; a keeper-device adapted to compensate forwearof. theparts and adapted to rigidly oppose outward displacement of the valve; and a perforated guard-devicein terposed between the keeper and the valve and efiective to distribute oil from the valve on the keeper. I i y 7 A valve comprising a reservoir adapted to accommodate a flowing volume of oil effective forlubrication and also effective for cooling the'valve, and having an intake port in communication with the reservoir, perforations through which oil passes to lubricate the valve and an overflow opening; in combination with a valve-seat on which the valve is movable.

8. The combination of a cylinder body,

adapted to distribute'oil from the valve on g valve-seat and an opening for the discharge also effective for cooling the valve, a port.

for admitting oil to, the reservoir of the valve, perforations through which oil is applied on the contacting surfaces of the valve and the valve seat, and an opening through which overflow oil from the reservoir of the valve passes to the interior of the valvecasing; and means for conveying the overflow oil away from the valve-casing.

10. In valve mechanism, the combination of a slide valve having a chamber adapted to contain a volume of 011, a perforated fiat inner face and inclined perforated outer faces; perforated Wedge-plates movable relvalve respectively; and a casing housing the valve and the Wedge plates; all co-acting to lubricate both sides of the valve and both sides of the Wedge-plates.

11. The combination of a valve casing; a perforated slide-valve having a chamber adapted to accommodate a flowing volume of oil; a perforated guard-plate contacting With the valve; and a perforated keeper contacting With the guard-plate and one Wall of the casing to keep the valve onits seat and rigidly oppose outward displacement of the valve; all constructed and arranged to lubricate both sides of the valve, the guard plate, and the keeper, and one Wall of the casing.

12. The combination of a cylinder-body comprising a cylinder and a Way in communication with the interior of the cylinder; a valve-casing in communication With the way ofthe cylinder; a valve movable in the valve-casing and having a reservoir adapted to accommodate a flowing volume of oil effective for lubrication and also effective for cooling the valve, and having a port admitting oil to the valve, perforations throughwhich oil is applied on the contact surface of-the valve and an opening for the JAMES L. oooir.

Witnesses PEARL THAIN,

W. S. TRoXELL.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for fun: cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G. 

